have в значении "иметь" ( do you have/have uou got)

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alina
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#1

Сообщение alina »

Добрый день,
Каким образом в британском английском употребляется глагол have в значении "иметь"? Один учебник говорит с do, другой - с got (российские и британские учебники), а некоторые допускают оба варианта. А в сериалах BBC и их переводах скандинавских сериалов употребляются оба варианта (напр., - Leon hasn't got a son., -He does not have a son., -How many children have you got?, -Do you have any children?, - Do you have a picture of him? - I've got one right here). Значит какие-то правила использования всё-таки существуют?
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Yety
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#2

Сообщение Yety »

PEU, Swan, p.207,
237 have (4): have (got) - possession, relationships and other states
b to talk about possession, relationships and other states
They have three cars.
Have you got any brothers or sisters?
Do you often have headaches?


1 meanings
We often use have to talk about states: possession, relationships, illnesses, the characteristics of people and things, and similar ideas.
Her father has a flat in Westminster.
They hardly have enough money to live on.
Do you have any brothers or sisters?
The Prime Minister had a bad cold.
My grandmother didn't have a very nice personality.


Sometimes have simply expresses the fact of being in a particular situation.
She has a houseful of children this weekend.
I think we have mice.

...
3 questions and negatives with do
In American English and modern British English, questions and negatives are commonly formed with do.
Does the house have a garden?
Her parents did not have very much money.


4 shorter question and negative forms: Have you ... ?; she has not
Short question and negative forms (e.g. Have you ... ?, she has not) were common in older English. In modern English they are rather formal and uncommon (except in a few fixed expressions like I haven't the faintest idea).
They are not normally used in American English.
- Have you an appointment? (formal BrE only)
Do you have an appointment? (AmE/BrE)
- Angela has not the charm of her older sisters. (formal BrE only)
Angela does not have the charm ... (AmE/BrE)

5 have got
In conversation and informal writing, we often use the double form have got.
I've got a new boyfriend. (More natural in speech than I have a new boyfriend.)
Has your sister got a car? I haven't got your keys.
Note that have got means exactly the same as have in this case - it is a present tense of have, not the present perfect of get.

6 have got (details)
...
Have got is rather less common in American English, especially in questions and negatives.
...
8 repetition: a change in British English
Traditionally, do-forms of have were used in British English mostly to express habit or repetition. Compare (BrE):
Do you often have meetings?
Have you (got) a meeting today?

In modern British English (which is heavily influenced by American English), do-forms are common even when there is no idea of repetition.
Do you have time to go to the beach this weekend? (AmE / modern BrE)
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Mary May
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